Industrial
Facilities can be adapted to use low cost MSAR to fuel many heavy industrial facilities in the cement, lime, glass, metal smelting, pulp and paper, spent sulphuric acid regeneration, fertilizer, petrochemical and petroleum refining industries. It can be used for direct firing, steam and on-site power generation applications rather than using high cost natural gas, fuel oil, or purchasing power from the grid. Many industrial facilities have the inherent capability to treat the sulphur dioxide containing flue gases from the combustion of sulphur containing hydrocarbon residues used to manufacture MSAR.
Flue gases can be treated to concentrate sulphur dioxide and diverted into sulphuric acid and sulphur recovery plants, and hence reduce the cost to adapt the facility to use MSAR. Alternatively, flue gas treatment processes that have been used for decades in the coal fired power generation industry can be implemented.
Refineries
Many Petroleum refineries do not have deep conversion capability such as high capital cost coking to convert asphalt-like material generated in the refining of heavy crudes into high value products such as gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel and must produce heavy fuel oils. Heavy fuel oils must meet exacting viscosity, stability, and sulphur specifications, and require the addition of valuable diluents that would otherwise be used to manufacture higher value transportation fuels.
MSAR enables a refiner to produce an alternative heavy fuel that eliminates the need to add diluents to the residue, eliminates specification constraints, and generates increased refinery profitability as a result. MSAR also enables refiners to add additional deep conversion equipment such as low capital cost high severity visbreakers, visbreaker vacuum flashers, and solvent deasphalting units to further improve profitability.